American
International
University-
Bangladesh

Students & Supervisors

Abstract

The global discovery of durable and low carbon energy has accelerated interest in nuclear power, especially as an alternative to fossil fuels. Traditional nuclear fragmentation, although well established, produces long -term radioactive waste such as Plutonium -239 and less actinides, extends for thousands of years with half a life, facing important challenges for long -term governance. According to the International Nuclear Energy Agency (IAEA, 2020), the fragmentation reactor generally generates more than the fuel used 10,000 tonnes annually, most of which require geological disposal for hundreds of millennia. In contrast, nuclear mergers are presented as a cleaner alternative. Does not produce transuranic waste from time to time. Study by Fedecy et al. (2019) and Abdou et al. (2015) indicates that merger systems produce radioactive underwater through neutrons Activation of structural materials such as steel, vanadium alloys and tungsten. These active materials show half a lifetime from decades to a few centuries, which is much lower than the fragmentation waste, but still requires careful handling.This study does a comparative analysis of waste products from demerger and merger, and checks their isotopic composition, half-life, radio toxicity and decay heat. Conclusions of recent modeling functions (Taylor et al., 2021) suggest that a specific fusion demo reactor can produce the least intermediate level of 3000 tonnes per year, which is protected for recycling within 100-500 years. On the other hand, fuel maintains used fuel high radio toxicity for more than 100,000 years (World Atomic Association, 2022). In addition, progression in low-active materials-as-like silicon carbide and low activation of ferritic steel promis composes to reduce the long-term risk of fusion waste (Zincal and Gonim, 2018). Comparative insights emphasize that mergers represent sufficient improvement in fragmentation when it comes to waste life and control complexity, it is not entirely free of challenges with core waste. Research emphasizes the need to develop fusion-specific disposal and recycling strategies, especially closer commercial performance in the form of international projects such as Iter and Demo. The implications are expanded in addition to scientific evaluation of energy policy and stability scheme, as the preparation of regulations for merger waste is important for its future acceptance. Finally, merger energy provides a transformative route to permanent nuclear power, with waste profiles that are less dangerous and more manageable than fragmentation. However, the plan that is active in physics and waste management policy will be necessary to fully feel its ability.

Keywords

Publication Details

• Type of Publication:
• Conference Name: 1st International Conference on Science and Humanities for Sustainable Development (ICSHSD-2025)
• Date of Conference: 23/10/2025 - 23/10/2025
• Venue: Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur
• Organizer: Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology (DUET)